50以内的数的质因数分解如下：
2 = 2
3 = 3
4 = 2^2
5 = 5
6 = 2 * 3
7 = 7
8 = 2^3
9 = 3^2
10 = 2 * 5
11 = 11
12 = 2^2 * 3
13 = 13
14 = 2 * 7
15 = 3 * 5
16 = 2^4
17 = 17
18 = 2 * 3^2
19 = 19
20 = 2^2 * 5
21 = 3 * 7
22 = 2 * 11
23 = 23
24 = 2^3 * 3
25 = 5^2
26 = 2 * 13
27 = 3^3
28 = 2^2 * 7
29 = 29
30 = 2 * 3 * 5
31 = 31
32 = 2^5
33 = 3 * 11
34 = 2 * 17
35 = 5 * 7
36 = 2^2 * 3^2
37 = 37
38 = 2 * 19
39 = 3 * 13
40 = 2^3 * 5
41 = 41
42 = 2 * 3 * 7
43 = 43
44 = 2^2 * 11
45 = 3^2 * 5
46 = 2 * 23
47 = 47
48 = 2^4 * 3
49 = 7^2
50 = 2 * 5^2
所以，50以内的数的质因数分解有以上这些。

50的质因数有2和5.在数论里是指能整除给定正整数的质数叫质因数,正整数的因数分解可将正整数表示为一连串的质因子相乘,质因子如重复可以用指数表示.根据算术基本定理,任何正整数皆有独一无二的质因子分解式.
