“go on”的意思是继续。
go on （doing something）： 继续（做某事）
go on （with something）：继续（某事）
“going on”的意思是接近，快到了。
例句：
If you go on like this, one day your family will be ruined.
要是你继续这样的话，总会有一天你会把你的家也毁了。
The only consolation in this is if we go on and win the secondary one.
唯一的安慰就是，我们继续向前，赢得这座次要的奖杯。
If you go on living, you do so only through your capacity for objectification, your ability to freeyourself, in writing, from the infinite strain.
如果你还要继续活下去，你只有通过自身客体化的能力，你能用写作从无限的拉力中解放你自己。
I should go on, but I must note that the only thing correct in the above quote is that musicindeed engages both hemispheres of the brain.
我本应该继续说，但我必须在此指出的是，上述所述之中，仅有一点是正确的：音乐的确需要大脑的两个半球共同参与。
I could go on, of course, but you get the picture.
当然我可以继续，但是你得了解这些情况。
The work is going on smoothly.
工作正在顺利进行。
He now began to inkle what was going on.
他现在开始有点明白究竟在发生什么事了。
Whatever you do, be observant of what is going on around you.
无论你在做什么，对于你周围所发生的一切要善于观察。
But I understand what was going on.
但是我了解当时发生了什么。
My son knows what is going on with all our neighbors before I do.
我的儿子对我们所有邻居发生的事情知道得比我还要早。
