Grammar
第十四课 there be结构
一、there be
表示某地有每人或某物，存在的“有”
如：There is a tree in front of the house.
房子的前面有一棵树。
There are many students in the playground.
操场上有很多学生。
二、there be的形式
1.be 的形式与后面的名词要保持一致。
名词是单数或者不可数名词，用is/was(一般现在时用is,一般过去时用was)
名词是复数，用are/were(一般现在时用are,一般过去时用were)
如：There is a book on the desk.书桌上有一本书。
There is some milk in the fridge.
冰箱里有一些牛奶。
There are three boys in the room.
房间里有3个男孩。
2. 就近原则
当there be 后面有两个或两个以上名词时，动词be的形式与离它最近的名词一致。也就是“就近原则”。
如：There is a book and four pens on the desk.
书桌上面有一本书和四支笔。
There are four pens and a book on the desk.
书桌上有四支笔和一本书。
三、there be 的句型
1.肯定句
There be 名词 ……
如：There is some milk in the bottle.
瓶子里有一些牛奶。
2.否定句
There be not 名词 ……
There aren’t any bananas here.
这里没有香蕉。
3.一般疑问句
Be there 名词 ……
Is there any milk in the bottle?
瓶子里有牛奶吗？
Yes, there is. /No , there isn’t.
是的，有。/不，没有。
四、 there be 的时态
时态的变化：只变be
常见的时态：
1. 一般现在时
There is /are 名词 …
如：There is a boy under the tree.树底下有一个男孩。
There are some girls over there.那边有几个女孩。
2. 一般过去时
There was/were 名词 …
There was some water in the glass just now.
刚才杯子里有一些水。
There were many flowers in the garden last year.
去年花园里有很多花。
3. 一般将来时
There will be 名词
如：There will be a meeting tomorrow.
明天将有一个会议。
There is/are going to be 名词 …
如：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.
明天将有一个会议。
There are going to be two meetings tomorrow.
明天将有两个会议。
五、 练习
根据句意，用there be 的适当形式填空，补全句子
1._________ a pen and two rulers in the pencil box now.
2._________ two rulers and a pen in the pencil box now.
3.____________ some bread in the fridge yesterday.
4.__________ two old houses behind the building last year.
5.____________ a party tomorrow evening?
6.___________ two parties next week.
参考答案：
1.There is 2. There are 3.There was 4. There were 5.Will there be/Is there going to be 6. There will be/There are going to be
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